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What is a Dual Diagnosis or Cooccurring Disorder
Individuals grappling with both a mental illness and an addiction issue are diagnosed with a dual diagnosis or co-occurring disorder. Surprisingly, dual diagnoses are more prevalent than commonly acknowledged. Statistics from the National Institute of Health reveal that approximately 7.7 million Americans suffer from this condition.
Research has demonstrated that prolonged or intermittent drug use can significantly alter the chemical composition of the brain. Neurotransmitters, which serve as chemical messengers in the brain, including dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), are notably affected.
Dopamine regulates mood, influences emotional responses, and is associated with motivation and focus. Serotonin plays a crucial role in maintaining emotional stability and regulating mood. Norepinephrine, akin to adrenaline, stimulates the central nervous system in response to stressors. GABA acts as a natural tranquilizer, reducing anxiety and stress by slowing down the heart rate and lowering blood pressure.
The alteration of these chemical messengers can have a profound impact on an individual’s mental well-being.
Conversely, many individuals with existing mental health conditions resort to drug or alcohol use as a form of self-medication to alleviate their symptoms. While this may provide temporary relief, it often leads to more significant challenges and complications.
In cases of co-occurring disorders, both conditions must be addressed simultaneously to facilitate a comprehensive recovery.